AMERICA at TWILIGHT (2)
2021/02/20
It was the closest Presidential race in U.S. history. Now Americans prepared for John F. Kennedy, the 35th president, and to welcome a glamourous family to the White House. Arriving with the new first family was the Age of Television. It brought America the first televised presidential debate, the first gavel to gavel coverage of political conventions, and a buffet of television entertainment so varied it pushed radio and the movies onto life support. The new age was here with ascending stars Huntley-Brinkley, Walter Cronkite, Mike Wallace, Johnny Carson, Ed Sullivan, The World of Disney, these and many others charged daily with the momentous task of reporting the news, capturing the personalities, compiling the changes that arrived with the Cape Cod Kennedys. Those early days of the 60’s promised so much. It set a high tone for an afflicted future.
At the White House the new president found a couple of old problems set in motion by the previous Eisenhower-Nixon combo. There was the Bay of Pigs, a poorly planned invasion of Cuba that was both deadly and embarrassing. Kennedy did not plan it but he wore it. It was his first encounter with the lying, immoral and despicable miscreants in charge of the Central Intelligence Agency. Kennedy’s youth found him at odds with the aging Joint Chiefs at the Pentagon. They blamed him for the Cuban debacle by failing to order aircraft cover for the invaders. It was Kennedy’s first close encounter with the CIA, the agency that planned it. Then there was Vietnam. The military/industrial complex was pushing for greater U-S involvement. The cabal was disingenuous when it claimed South Vietnam had to be saved for democracy. They wanted the oil. Maybe the skulls in the Pentagon Fog forgot that the French Indo-China adventure did not end well. The Generals also obsessed about this new guy, Castro. Cuba was planning to export revolution and some members of the Pentagon wanted to drop a nuclear bomb and eliminate the problem. Checkmate! Again Kennedy was at odds with General Curtis Lemay, a dangerous hawk, and a couple of other Generals who secretly called JFK weak. Meanwhile, for the rest of America, oblivious to the challenges facing the occupant of the Oval office, things were going swimmingly. The generation gap was not yet but soon – at this point rock n’ roll music was replaced by a folk revival led by Peter, Paul and Mary, The Kingston Trio, the Limeliters, a crowded field, for sure. Girl groups topped the charts – the Ronettes, Supremes, Shirelles. “Here’s Johnny” was now a late night treat. Jackie Kennedy was redecorating the White House and changing the hairstyles of many American women. They said she was everything a First Lady should be.
The Cuban Missile Crisis sobered America’s happy dance for the moment. Those Ten Days in October 1962 took the United States and the Soviet Union to the brink of nuclear war. And again Kennedy encountered the Militancy of several Pentagon Peacocks. Russian missiles in Cuba? Take them out with a first strike nuclear attack!!! In the face of exacting pressure to nuke Cuba, the President was blunt, “…gentlemen call me when you come to your senses.” Direct communication between JFK and Nikita Khrushchev ended the crisis! I don’t know if they still teach those Ten Days in October 1962 in school but they should. That crisis led to secret exchanges via undercover couriers allowing both Kennedy and Khrushchev to explore real nuclear disarmament away from prying eyes, because neither trusted their advisers. So at this point in 1961 Jack Kennedy was fighting a Cold War and dealing with the mayhem and chaos created by the CIA. The Agency was in the Congo assassinating Patrice Lumumba, the Prime Minister; crashing the plane carrying UN secretary-general Dag Hammarskjold, who was on an African peace mission; and managing to place undercover agents in every branch of the U-S government helping out in South Vietnam. Hoping to get some advantage over the CIA, JFK fired the CIA director Allen Dulles. Didn’t help. His Vietnam problems mounted. The Generals were restless, they wanted the States to really get involved in South East Asia and save Vietnam from communism and put some boots on the ground. Kennedy agreed to send more advisers but was four-square against sending ground forces to fight a war his more sane advisers told him the United States could not win. It was edging to a stalemate. CIA planning involved trying to trick Kennedy into agreeing to send men and materiel otherwise face a coup in Saigon. There was a CIA engineered Coup but Kennedy didn’t bite. Then there was Khrushchev threatening to end the four power Berlin agreement. So there was turmoil in the trenches but generally life in the first decade of the 60’s in America was going great! The Beverly Hillbillies were number one, Timothy Leary was encouraging people “to turn on, tune in and drop out.” LSD, free love, bring it on. The British invasion, Flower Power and the Counter Culture movement were still to come. But the Folk Revival, Twilight Zone, and Rowdy Yates were already here. Clint Eastwood played second fiddle in Rawhide but millions of women confirmed the star was Eastwood. Haight-Ashbury, Woodstock, “The Eagle has landed” were works in progress along with Expo ’67 and the IMAX debut in Montreal. The Queen would visit. So would the Great Asparagus!
Jack and Jackie traveled some. First to see the Queen at Buckingham Palace. Then to Paris for a meeting with Charles De Gaulle and Madame. JFK’s meeting in Vienna in 1961 with Nikita Khrushchev didn’t go nearly as well. He left that first session with the Russian bear – shaken. The U-S president told one of his advisers, “I’ve never met a man like this; I talked about how a nuclear exchange would kill 70 million people in ten minutes, and he just looked at me as if to say, ‘so what’?” But despite Khrushchev’s desire to humiliate Kennedy, the Russian agreed to open a back channel to facilitate unfiltered messaging between the Oval office and the Kremlin.
Kennedy returned from Europe to debrief advisors and the Joint Chiefs who continued to ride hard toward the Apocalypse. He was appalled by Generals Lemnitzer and LeMay who wanted him to authorize the use of nuclear weapons in both Berlin and Southeast Asia. They also told him they were opposed to allowing John Frankenheimer to use the White House for the movie “Seven Days in May”, but Kennedy, who could be a teaser-weaser, tweaked the Generals, saying “when the cameras come to the White House, I’ll be at Hyannis Port sailing.”
John Fitzgerald Kennedy was a man marked for executive-action because he was fearless in the face of major challenges thrown down by: the Generals, The Dark Shadows of the CIA, the spectre of a nuclear miscalculation, his predilection to cavort with dangerous women, and Vietnam.
The plans are drawn, the patsy trussed, the people of America are to be afflicted by crushing sadness.
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